In England, GCSEs are now graded numerically from 9 to 1, replacing the old A to E system. In Wales and Northern Ireland, exams are graded differently. Scotland, on the other hand, uses an entirely separate qualifications system without GCSEs.

How Are Grade Boundaries Decided?

Grade boundaries, the minimum marks required to achieve each grade, are set by examiners annually. These boundaries are published by exam boards on results day.

What Grades Do Students Need to Pass Their GCSEs?

A grade of 4 is considered a "standard pass," while a grade of 5 is a "strong pass." Thus, a student achieving nine grade-4s has technically passed all their exams. However, school league tables focus on the percentage of students who achieve a grade 5 or above in English and maths GCSEs. Many sixth forms require a minimum number of grade 5s or 6s for admission.

Why Were GCSE Grades Changed in England?

The numerical grading system was introduced as part of a 2014 curriculum overhaul by then-Education Secretary Michael Gove. The changes reduced the emphasis on coursework, with most grades now determined by final exams. The reformed GCSEs are designed to be more challenging, with exams taken after two years of study. The government argued that the new system better differentiates high-achieving students and clarifies whether a student has taken the more challenging reformed GCSEs.

How Are GCSEs Graded in Northern Ireland?

In Northern Ireland, grades also changed. Since summer 2019, the CCEA introduced a new grade scale from A* to G, including a C*. Students taking exams set by English boards may receive grades from 9 to 1.

How Are GCSEs Graded in Wales?

Wales introduced revised GCSE courses in September 2015, particularly in English language, Welsh language, and mathematics. Wales retained the letter-based grading system from A* to G.